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![▀▄▀SKA____REGGAE ▀▄▀. ска это не музыка это стиль жизни!!!!!
СКА
В ямайкском фольклоре есть такой ритм: mento . Это ген, который заложен во все ямайкские ритмы и до начала 40-х годов на нем была основана вся ямайкская музыка. С появлением радио, ямайкцы стали заядлыми слушателями некоторых радиостанций, передававших из США джазовую музыку. То, что им нравилось они обрабатывали на свой манер. В то время вошел в моду swing и возникло немыслемое количество групп игравших на танцах и аккомпанировавших фильмам немого кино в этом стиле.
В 50-х годах, когда Ямайка вот-вот должна была обрести независимость от британской короны, многим хотелось услышать и потанцевать под родную музыку. Ямайкский музыкальный продюссер Clement Coxsone Dodd занялся этим вплотную. Ходит много версий появления SKA и объяснений происхождения этого звучного названия. Наиболее убедительным мне кажется следующее: название это звукоподражательное, так звучит гитара, играющая синкопы на заднем плане. В 1962 году Cecil Bustamante Campbell (Prince Buster) попросил своего гитариста усилить afterbeat вместо downbeat [кто бы мне посоветовал как это правильно назвать по-русски].
Reggae Реггей
Африканские музыкальные ритмы были завезены в Вест-Индию вместе с их исполнителями - чернокожими рабами. Обретая свободу бегством и собираясь в общины, бывшие рабы черпали силу в исполнении своих традиционных ритмов, в песнях и в танце.
Музыка реггей родилась на Ямайке в начале 60-х годов, ее истоки-притоки многочисленны: ska, rock-steady, calypso (музыка Тринидад и Тобаго), zouk (музыка Антильских островов), soul и, конечно же джаз.
В середине нашего века карибские музыкальные стили ska и calypso стали модными в среде британских колонистов на Ямайке, распространились по всему Новому Свету и стали популярны среди европейцев. На Ямайке в это время происходили бурные социально-политические события, и пришло время музыке отразить социальный контекст. Чернокожим ямайкцам нужно было такое звучание, которое бы передавало исключительно их настроение и отношение к происходящему в их жизни. Новая музыка прозвучала с безработной улицы. Это было замедленное сочетание ska и rock-steady c усиленной басовой линией. Центрами общения молодежи обоих полов была дискотека - dance hall или dances и всякого рода напряги в многолюдной городской туссовке люмпенов постоянно имели место на танцах . Тогда, в одной из первых песен Боба Марли грубиянам (rude boys) предлагалось поостыть - песни приобрели социальную осмысленность.](https://sun9-19.userapi.com/impg/c1673/g5395829/b_e5356a34.jpg?quality=96&as=32x32,48x48,72x72&sign=79dc8c3f061b07d6f161dd132a8ed0f0&u=qY9iV-ud7TOsDHDEanI2YpODoZOFT7QuUaol2XFToNI&cs=480x480 "▀▄▀SKA____REGGAE ▀▄▀. ска это не музыка это стиль жизни!!!!!
СКА
В ямайкском фольклоре есть такой ритм: mento . Это ген, который заложен во все ямайкские ритмы и до начала 40-х годов на нем была основана вся ямайкская музыка. С появлением радио, ямайкцы стали заядлыми слушателями некоторых радиостанций, передававших из США джазовую музыку. То, что им нравилось они обрабатывали на свой манер. В то время вошел в моду swing и возникло немыслемое количество групп игравших на танцах и аккомпанировавших фильмам немого кино в этом стиле.
В 50-х годах, когда Ямайка вот-вот должна была обрести независимость от британской короны, многим хотелось услышать и потанцевать под родную музыку. Ямайкский музыкальный продюссер Clement Coxsone Dodd занялся этим вплотную. Ходит много версий появления SKA и объяснений происхождения этого звучного названия. Наиболее убедительным мне кажется следующее: название это звукоподражательное, так звучит гитара, играющая синкопы на заднем плане. В 1962 году Cecil Bustamante Campbell (Prince Buster) попросил своего гитариста усилить afterbeat вместо downbeat [кто бы мне посоветовал как это правильно назвать по-русски].
Reggae Реггей
Африканские музыкальные ритмы были завезены в Вест-Индию вместе с их исполнителями - чернокожими рабами. Обретая свободу бегством и собираясь в общины, бывшие рабы черпали силу в исполнении своих традиционных ритмов, в песнях и в танце.
Музыка реггей родилась на Ямайке в начале 60-х годов, ее истоки-притоки многочисленны: ska, rock-steady, calypso (музыка Тринидад и Тобаго), zouk (музыка Антильских островов), soul и, конечно же джаз.
В середине нашего века карибские музыкальные стили ska и calypso стали модными в среде британских колонистов на Ямайке, распространились по всему Новому Свету и стали популярны среди европейцев. На Ямайке в это время происходили бурные социально-политические события, и пришло время музыке отразить социальный контекст. Чернокожим ямайкцам нужно было такое звучание, которое бы передавало исключительно их настроение и отношение к происходящему в их жизни. Новая музыка прозвучала с безработной улицы. Это было замедленное сочетание ska и rock-steady c усиленной басовой линией. Центрами общения молодежи обоих полов была дискотека - dance hall или dances и всякого рода напряги в многолюдной городской туссовке люмпенов постоянно имели место на танцах . Тогда, в одной из первых песен Боба Марли грубиянам (rude boys) предлагалось поостыть - песни приобрели социальную осмысленность.")
![Halle Berry. Berry was born Maria Halle Berry, though her name was legally changed to Halle Maria Berry in 1971. Berry's parents selected her middle name from Halle's Department Store, which was then a local landmark in her birthplace of Cleveland, Ohio. Her mother, Judith Ann (née Hawkins), who is Caucasian, was a psychiatric nurse. Her father, Jerome Jesse Berry, was an African American hospital attendant in the same psychiatric ward where her mother worked; he later became a bus driver. Berry's maternal grandmother, Nellie Dicken, was born in Sawley, Derbyshire, England, while her maternal grandfather, Earl Ellsworth Hawkins, was born in Ohio. Berry's parents divorced when she was four years old; she and her older sister Heidi were raised exclusively by her mother. Berry has said in published reports that she has been estranged from her father since her childhood, noting in 1992, I haven't heard from him since [he left]. Maybe he's not alive.
Berry graduated from Bedford High School, afterward working in the children's department at Higbee's Department store. She then studied at Cuyahoga Community College. In the 1980s, she entered several beauty contests, winning Miss Teen All-American in 1985 and Miss Ohio USA in 1986. She was the 1986 Miss USA first runner-up to Christy Fichtner of Texas. In the Miss USA 1986 pageant interview competition, she said she hoped to become an entertainer or to have something to do with the media. Her interview was awarded the highest score by the judges. She was the first African-American Miss World entrant in 1986, where she finished sixth and Trinidad and Tobago's Giselle Laronde was crowned Miss World
In the late 1980s, Berry went to Illinois to pursue a modeling career as well as acting. One of her first acting projects was a television series for local cable by Gordon Lake Productions called Chicago Force. In 1989, Berry landed the role of Emily Franklin in the short-lived ABC television series Living Dolls (a spin-off of Who's the Boss?). She went on to have a recurring role on the long running serial Knots Landing. In 1992, Berry was cast as the love interest in the video for R. Kelly's seminal single, Honey Love.
Her breakthrough feature film role was in Spike Lee's Jungle Fever, in which she played a drug addict named Vivian. Her first co-starring role was in the 1991 film Strictly Business. In 1992, Berry portrayed a career woman who falls for Eddie Murphy in the romantic comedy Boomerang. That same year, she caught the public's attention as a headstrong biracial slave in the TV adaptation of Queen: The Story of an American Family, based on the book by Alex Haley. Berry was in the live-action Flintstones movie as Sharon Stone, the sultry secretary who seduced Fred Flintstone.
Playing a former drug addict struggling to regain custody of her son in Losing Isaiah (1995), Berry tackled a more serious role, starring opposite co-star Jessica Lange. She portrayed Sandra Beecher in Race the Sun (1996), which was based on a true story, and co-starred alongside Kurt Russell in Executive Decision. From 1996 onwards, she was a Revlon spokeswoman for seven years and renewed her contract in 2004.
In 1998, Berry received praise for her role in Bulworth as an intelligent woman raised by activists who gives a politician (Warren Beatty) a new lease on life. The same year, she played the singer Zola Taylor, one of the three wives of pop singer Frankie Lymon, in the biopic Why Do Fools Fall in Love. In the 1999 HBO biopic Introducing Dorothy Dandridge, she portrayed the first black woman to be nominated for a Best Actress Academy Award. Berry's performance was recognized with several awards, including an Emmy and a Golden Globe.
In 2001, Berry appeared as Leticia Musgrove, the wife of an executed murderer,](https://sun9-19.userapi.com/impg/c10077/g18985030/b_cd1489f6.jpg?quality=96&as=32x32,48x48,72x72&sign=d2eff91d9621236a02d963f87aefdcb6&u=kzP8N4VtJW6e5sM7lfOJmewJoHL7OxFbsofAZFo5OgM&cs=480x480 "Halle Berry. Berry was born Maria Halle Berry, though her name was legally changed to Halle Maria Berry in 1971. Berry's parents selected her middle name from Halle's Department Store, which was then a local landmark in her birthplace of Cleveland, Ohio. Her mother, Judith Ann (née Hawkins), who is Caucasian, was a psychiatric nurse. Her father, Jerome Jesse Berry, was an African American hospital attendant in the same psychiatric ward where her mother worked; he later became a bus driver. Berry's maternal grandmother, Nellie Dicken, was born in Sawley, Derbyshire, England, while her maternal grandfather, Earl Ellsworth Hawkins, was born in Ohio. Berry's parents divorced when she was four years old; she and her older sister Heidi were raised exclusively by her mother. Berry has said in published reports that she has been estranged from her father since her childhood, noting in 1992, I haven't heard from him since [he left]. Maybe he's not alive.
Berry graduated from Bedford High School, afterward working in the children's department at Higbee's Department store. She then studied at Cuyahoga Community College. In the 1980s, she entered several beauty contests, winning Miss Teen All-American in 1985 and Miss Ohio USA in 1986. She was the 1986 Miss USA first runner-up to Christy Fichtner of Texas. In the Miss USA 1986 pageant interview competition, she said she hoped to become an entertainer or to have something to do with the media. Her interview was awarded the highest score by the judges. She was the first African-American Miss World entrant in 1986, where she finished sixth and Trinidad and Tobago's Giselle Laronde was crowned Miss World
In the late 1980s, Berry went to Illinois to pursue a modeling career as well as acting. One of her first acting projects was a television series for local cable by Gordon Lake Productions called Chicago Force. In 1989, Berry landed the role of Emily Franklin in the short-lived ABC television series Living Dolls (a spin-off of Who's the Boss?). She went on to have a recurring role on the long running serial Knots Landing. In 1992, Berry was cast as the love interest in the video for R. Kelly's seminal single, Honey Love.
Her breakthrough feature film role was in Spike Lee's Jungle Fever, in which she played a drug addict named Vivian. Her first co-starring role was in the 1991 film Strictly Business. In 1992, Berry portrayed a career woman who falls for Eddie Murphy in the romantic comedy Boomerang. That same year, she caught the public's attention as a headstrong biracial slave in the TV adaptation of Queen: The Story of an American Family, based on the book by Alex Haley. Berry was in the live-action Flintstones movie as Sharon Stone, the sultry secretary who seduced Fred Flintstone.
Playing a former drug addict struggling to regain custody of her son in Losing Isaiah (1995), Berry tackled a more serious role, starring opposite co-star Jessica Lange. She portrayed Sandra Beecher in Race the Sun (1996), which was based on a true story, and co-starred alongside Kurt Russell in Executive Decision. From 1996 onwards, she was a Revlon spokeswoman for seven years and renewed her contract in 2004.
In 1998, Berry received praise for her role in Bulworth as an intelligent woman raised by activists who gives a politician (Warren Beatty) a new lease on life. The same year, she played the singer Zola Taylor, one of the three wives of pop singer Frankie Lymon, in the biopic Why Do Fools Fall in Love. In the 1999 HBO biopic Introducing Dorothy Dandridge, she portrayed the first black woman to be nominated for a Best Actress Academy Award. Berry's performance was recognized with several awards, including an Emmy and a Golden Globe.
In 2001, Berry appeared as Leticia Musgrove, the wife of an executed murderer,")